AgriScience and Society Journal

Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria Supplementation on Nutrient Intake, Milk Yield and Milk Chemical Composition of Dairy Cows

Yanisa Thongkrua — 2025-12-22

This study aims to evaluate the effects was supplemented with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in dairy cow feed at a level of 200 grams per day on nutrient intake, milk yield, and milk chemical composition. The experiment used 8 crossbred Holstein Friesian dairy cows, divided into a control group (not supplemented with LAB) and an experimental group (supplemented with LAB 200 grams/day). The experiment was conducted for 48 days, including a 13-day adaptation period and a 35-day data collection period, which was divided into five 7-day collection periods. The LAB supplemented used in this study consisted of Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Bifidobacterium, with a live microbial concentration of approximately 1.0 × 10⁹ CFU/g. The results showed that LAB supplementation did not have a statistically significant effect (P>0.05) on body weight, nutrient intake, milk yield, or milk chemical composition. However, future studies should investigate the effect of LAB supplementation at different levels and in early-lactation cows with high energy demands to clearly assess its potential for improving dairy cow production performance in tropical conditions.

Embryo Rescue Techniques in Intersubgeneric Hybrid Ornamental Waterlilies (Subg. Anecphya x Subg. Lotos)

Nattawut Rodboot — 2025-12-22

The global floriculture and ornamental plant industry relies heavily on continuously introducing novel varieties with unique aesthetic and commercial value. Consumer preferences drive the demand for new and unique floral traits. Intersubgeneric hybridization of ornamental waterlilies (Nymphaea spp.) plays a significant role in creating novel cultivars with desirable traits. Still, post-zygotic reproductive barriers, particularly embryo abortion, often impede the success of hybridization efforts. This study aimed to enhance embryo survival and germination rates in intersubgeneric hybrid waterlilies using in vitro embryo rescue techniques with plant growth regulators (PGRs). Immature seed pods from a cross between the subgenus Anecphya and Lotos were collected and subjected to various excision methods. The direct embryo excision method resulted in the highest survival rate (75%), with embryos greening in the shortest time (3.75 days). The germination rate was further enhanced when embryos were cultured on semi-solid MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), resulting in 95% germination and a reduced germination time of 5 days. These findings provide a foundation for advancing hybridization techniques in ornamental waterlilies and enhancing genetic diversity through embryo culture.

Oil Palm Progeny Test: SNP Markers in the Parents of Hybrid Crosses of the Third Oil Palm Breeding Project of the Department of Agriculture

Suvimon Konlasuk — 2025-12-22

The third oil palm breeding project conducted by the Department of Agriculture aims to improve fresh fruit bunch (FFB) and oil yield. In this study, 23 lines of maternal Dura and 17 lines of paternal Tenera were selected to generate hybrid crosses (Dura × Tenera, D × T). The objective was to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at specific positions within the MADS-box gene in parental palms and to utilize these SNP markers for identifying Pisifera pollen donors and validating the genetic identity of Tenera hybrid seeds. SNP detection at positions SNPENGC (272), SNPTaYa (279), and SNPLaAV (308) was performed using the TaqMan real-time PCR technique. The maternal Dura palms showed no nucleotide variation at these positions, consistently displaying T, A, and C at SNPENGC, SNPTaYa, and SNPLaAV, respectively. In contrast, the paternal Tenera lines exhibited SNP polymorphisms: eight lines (398/925T 1446/412T 154/1233T 2/496T 4/1075T 5/170T 9/908T and 10/815T) had an A/T genotype at SNPTaYa, five lines (102/417T 197/654T 71/563T 1/481T and 3/359T) had a T/C genotype at SNPENGC, and four lines (49/86T 520/184T 6/207T and 8/1027T) had a C/A genotype at SNPLaAV. These SNP markers are promising tools for improving the precision of Pisifera parent selection and hybrid seed validation in oil palm breeding programs.

Occurrence and Morphospecies Study of Plant-Parasitic Algae Cephaleuros (Trentepohlia, Ulvophyceae) on Betel Vine (Piper betle) in Southern Thailand

Prisana Wonglom — 2025-12-22

Algal leaf spot caused by Cephaleuros virescens was observed on Piper betle in Southern Thailand for the first time. Infected leaves exhibited characteristic orange, velvety lesions on the upper surface. Morphological examination under light microscopy revealed typical taxonomic features, including pseudoparenchymatous thalli, sporangiophores, zoosporangia, and gametangia, confirming the identity of the alga. Species identification was based solely on morphology, given limited molecular data and challenges in culturing the alga. This report expands the known host range of C. virescens and highlights the importance of algal pathogens in tropical crop systems.

Editor's Note