Science and Technology to Community

Phenotypic Characterization and Production Performance of Thai Native Samae Dam Chicken (Gallus gallus) for Conservation and Learning in Uthai Thani Province, Thailand

Thunwa Wiyabot — Wed, 03 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to establish learning centers and a breeding network for the Samae dam chicken (Gallus gallus) in Thailand. The study recorded phenotypic characteristics and production efficiency and promoted sustainable self-reliance among local farmers. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 (alpha reliability coefficient 0.80). The breed's physical characteristics were comprehensively recorded, revealing specific factors such as black color in males (beak, legs, nails, wing/tail feathers) and small black feathers in females. Production data showed that hens had an egg weight of 45-50 g, chicks had a chick weight of 35-40 g at birth, a hatching rate of 60-100%, and a hatching mortality rate of 30-40%. An 8-month growth study showed that males had a body weight of 3,700±95.00 g with a growth rate of 16.65±3.87g/day (FCR 4.35±0.42), while females had a body weight of 2,600±78.50 g with a growth rate of 13.33±3.38 g/day (FCR 4.26±0.40). Farmer participation was essential to the success of the Samae Dam chicken (Gallus gallus) conservation network. The research used quantitative analysis questionnaires. Over 30 farmers from three districts improved their skills in chick rearing, disease prevention, and farm management through the learning center. Knowledge sharing and breeding stock exchange strengthened the local network. Using local feed ingredients and simple breeding methods reduced production costs by 10–15%. Farmers became more confident and willing to transfer knowledge, reflecting the learning center’s long-term sustainable impact.

Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant Activities, and Chromatographic Chemical Profiling of Ethanolic Crude Extracts from Three Phlai Species and Plantago major L.

Supat Langyanai, Ruthaphan Santianotai, Benjawan Yanwisetpakdee — Wed, 03 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to investigate the in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, as well as the preliminary phytochemical profiles, of ethanolic extracts from three Zingiber species; yellow Phlai (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.), black Phlai (Zingiber ottensii Valeton), and white Phlai (Zingiber kerrii Craib) and Plantago major L. (Ya-En-Yued), a medicinal herb traditionally used in Thai folk medicine for pain and inflammation relief. The extracts were prepared using an environmentally friendly ethanolic extraction method. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in comparison with the standard drug Diclofenac diethylammonium, while antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. All extracts were semi-solid with varying colors and characteristic herbal aromas. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis revealed that the three Phlai extracts exhibited similar Rf values in all solvent systems, while the Plantago major extract showed distinct Rf patterns (Rate of flow). None of the extracts shared Rf values similar to Diclofenac diethylammonium, indicating different active constituents. The in vitro anti-inflammatory test demonstrated that the ethanolic extracts of yellow, black, and white Phlai had IC₅₀values of 0.67 ± 0.00, 3.85 ± 0.25, and 1.41 ± 0.11 mg/ml, respectively, compared with 0.33 ± 0.02 mg/ml for Diclofenac diethylammonium. The Plantago major extract showed no significant anti-inflammatory effect. In the DPPH assay, yellow and black Phlai extracts showed EC₅₀values of 373.44 ± 0.50 and 438.49 ± 0.22 µg/ml, respectively, while white Phlai and Plantago major exhibited EC₅₀values > 1000 µg/ml. The standard Ascorbic acid displayed an EC₅₀of 8.64 ± 0.10 µg/ml, showing significantly higher antioxidant activity (P<0.05). In conclusion, ethanolic extracts of the three Phlai species, particularly Zingiber cassumunar Roxb., exhibited notable in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. These findings suggest that Phlai extracts have potential as natural active ingredients for developing herbal products aimed at muscle pain relief and inflammation reduction, supporting the sustainable use of Thai medicinal herbs as alternatives to synthetic drugs.

The Effect of Chicken Manure Bio-Composted Fertilizer on Growth of Boesenbergia rotunda (L.)

Wanwisa Lijuan, Kansuda Duangsrikaew — Wed, 03 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objective of this research was to study the effect of chicken manure bio-composted fertilizer on growth of Boesenbergia rotunda (L.). The formula of chicken manure bio- composted fertilizer was contained chicken manure: molasses: water: Microbial Activators PD2 in a ratio of 5 : 5 : 20 : 12.50 kg/kg/L/g for 45 days. The result show that pH was 4.42 and conductivities was 33.80 µS/cm. total nitrogen available phosphorus exchangeable potassium and organic matter were 0.58, 0.66, 1.03 and 7.95%. The effect of chicken manure bio- composted fertilizer on growth of Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) in pots. The experimental plan was Completely Randomized Design. All three treatments were implemented, with each treatment consisting of four replicates, and each replicate containing five pots. The treatments were 1) control; water 2) water: chicken manure bio-composted fertilizer in a ratio of 1 : 50 and 3) water : chicken manure bio- composted fertilizer in a ratio of 1 : 500. The results show that treatment 2 had the highest average number of root was 19.55 root and average fresh weight was 107.12 g statistically significant difference compared to another group (p<0.05). Average high and leave number had not statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in all treatment. Therefore, it is concluded that chicken manure bio-composted fertilizer can promote the growth of Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) and chicken manure bio-extracts in a ratio of 1 : 50 suitable for growth of Boesenbergia rotunda (L.).

Effects of Shade Netting Combined with Mist Cooling System and Fans in Beef Cattle Housing on Thermal Environment and Production Performance

Piphat Chanartaeparporn, Janjira Tohkwankaew, chalermpan Tantara — Wed, 03 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of installing a cooling system in beef cattle housing on climatic conditions inside the cattle house, heat stress, and production performance. The experimental design was a paired t-test to compare the means of variables of different housing types. Twelve crossbred beef cattle (six Charolais crossbreds and six Wagyu crossbreds) were used. These cattle were divided into two groups, with six heads per group. The first group was housed in standard housing (control group), while the second group was housed in a cooling system housing. A total mixed ration consisting of 16% crude protein was provided to all cows. The results showed that the cooling system in this experiment had no significant effect on climatic conditions, including wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT), dry-bulb temperature (TA), relative humidity (%RH), black globe temperature (TG), wet-bulb temperature (WET), and dew point temperature (DEW) during both morning and afternoon periods (P>0.05), skin temperature, and rectal temperature (P>0.05). In addition, the cooling system did not significantly affect production performance, such as dry matter intake, average daily gain (ADG), final body weight, and body weight change (P>0.05). The cooling system used in this study may not be sufficiently effective. Therefore, future research should explore and develop alternative cooling technologies with higher potential, along with improving housing management, to effectively mitigate heat stress and enhance beef cattle production efficiency.

Design and Development of an Automatic Grape Cultivation System IoT Platform for Community Income Enhancement

Chaovarit Janpirom — Wed, 03 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

In this study, the objectives were to design and develop an automatic grape-growing system utilizing technology, controlled via the Internet of Things (IoT) to serve as a prototype for promoting community income. The research also involved testing the operation of a vertical planting system controlled through IoT. The methodology included designing circuits and integrating IoT technology with Node MCU ESP8266, which works in conjunction with DHT11 sensors and relays to control system ON/OFF functions. The Blynk application was used for remote control via mobile phones. The results showed that the system could operate successfully in 100% of the prototype grape cultivation using IoT, leading to better growth in all aspects—height, number of leaves, and fruit weight—especially during months 3-6, indicating a positive response to IoT-based control. It was also found that the system’s operations, including watering and nutrient delivery, controlled via the app and manual system, achieved 100% functionality. The battery energy level decreased by 10%. A cost-effectiveness comparison of the cultivation setup was conducted considering electricity costs, investment expenses, fertilizer, and labor. The findings indicated that the automated control system was more economically viable than traditional manual farming. This modern agricultural approach is comparable to a smart farm system, suggesting that the project is feasible and suitable for investment.

Forest Utilization, Understanding the Law and Creating Community Regulation for Sustainability in Ban Pong Development Project Area under the Royal Initiative, Chiang Mai Province

Wed, 03 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

To establish a concrete land use regulation, it is necessary to acquire the basic information on the existing land use practices of community in the surrounding area. This study aimed to survey the status, occupation and forest utilization patterns of the population surrounding the area of the Ban Pong Development Project area under the royal initiative, Chiang Mai Province as well as to test their basic knowledge on forest law and to collect their opinions regarding the conservation approach. Data was collected with the aid of a structured interview of 267 people. The results revealed that the majority of the interview samples were female at a total of180 samples, and most were at age 46-55. There was a continuation of usage in all seasons within forest area in Pa Phai Subdistrict involving 100 % of the households. Most often used plants were medicinal plants belonging to 31 types. Regarding their understanding of the law within different sections in Chapter 2 of the National Reserved Forest Act of 1964, there appeared to be at a moderate level for every section. Reflections from focus group discussions revealed that guideline for the establishment of rules and regulations acceptable by the community should be created by community itself with guidance and information from officials in charge, particularly those from the Royal Forest Department and Maejo University. In order to achieve a clearly stated rules for the use of forest resources and to specify a penalty for rule violations.

Application of Geoinformatics Technology for Urban Heat Island in Mueang Nakhon Ratchasima District

Monruedee Takingsa — Wed, 03 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to 1) investigate land use changes 2) nighttime surface temperature variations, and the urban heat island phenomenon between 2013and 2023 3) analyze areas at risk of urban heat islands in Mueang Nakhon Ratchasima District. The findings reveal that urban and built-up areas increased by 108.38 square kilometers (37.52%), while agricultural areas decreased by 134.47 square kilometers (46.55%). The average nighttime surface temperature in 2023 rose by 0.78°C compared to 2013, with the most significant increase of 6.27°C observed in December. An analysis of the urban heat island phenomenon using the Urban Thermal Field Variance Index (UTFVI) indicated that areas experiencing very high urban heat levels expanded significantly in 2023 compared to 2013, particularly in the northeastern direction. An assessment of areas at risk of urban heat island using Potential Surface Analysis method, revealed results low risk, covering 334.56 square kilometers (43.89%), very low risk at 137.63 square kilometers (18.06%), moderate risk at 110.51 square kilometers (14.50%), high risk at 99.37 square kilometers (13.04%), and very high risk at 80.15 square kilometers (10.52%), concentrated primarily in the central and northeastern parts of the study area.

Development of 2D Animation Instructional Media on FDA Registration Process

Jarinya Maneerat, Phattharawadee Wichaiyo, Sirikorn Kankhat — Wed, 03 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims 1) to develop 2D animation teaching media on the topic of applying for FDA registration for entrepreneurs, 2) to evaluate the quality of the developed teaching media, and 3) to study the users’ satisfaction with the 2D animation teaching media on FDA registration. The sample group consisted of 20 entrepreneurs in the Kued Chang sub-district, Mae Taeng district, Chiang Mai province. The research instruments included 1) the 2D animation teaching media developed using Adobe Animate with Thai narration and digital data storage, 2) expert evaluation forms for media quality, and 3) user satisfaction questionnaires.

Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, namely mean and standard deviation. The results revealed that 1) the developed 2D animation teaching media could be effectively used as supplementary learning material for entrepreneurs applying for FDA registration, 2) the media quality was rated at a high level, and 3) user satisfaction was rated at the highest level.