Advanced Science Journal

Cover/Inside Cover/Editor's Statement/Table of Content

Editor — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Advanced Science Journal is a publication of the Faculty of Science and Technology, Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University. For the past 26 years, the journal has continuously accepted and published academic and research articles. It is certified by the Thai-Journal Citation Index (TCI) Centre in Tier 2 (Quality Assessment Round 5, 2025 – 2029).

This current issue marks Volume 26, No. 1 (January – June 2026), aiming to compile and disseminate research and academic works from both internal and external personnel. This issue consists of 12 research articles and 2 academic articles, covering diverse academic contents and disciplines including Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Applied Sciences in Agriculture, Agricultural Technology, Food Science, Environmental Science, Material and Product Technology, Health Sciences in Medical Technology, Thai Traditional Medicine, Public Health, Occupational Health and Safety, Medical Sciences, Medical Biology, Health and Beauty Science, Computer and Technology in Computer Science, Information and Communication Technology, Computer Technology, Electrical and Electronics Technology, Energy Technology, Industrial Technology, Manufacturing Technology, and other related fields applicable to associated disciplines.

On behalf of the Editorial Board, I would like to express my gratitude to all authors for their interest in submitting their work to the Advanced Science Journal. I would also like to thank the peer reviewers for assessing the quality of the articles, and the entire editorial team for their continued dedication to the operation and development of the journal. We sincerely hope that this issue will be beneficial to researchers, scholars, and all interested parties. Finally, we invite everyone interested to submit their academic and research articles for publication. Further details can be found on our website: https://li02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/adscij

The Evolution of Sequencing Technology for Microbial Diagnosis

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Over the past few decades, gene sequencing technology has become one of the most prominent tools in medical microbiology, widely applied in areas such as cancer diagnosis, the study of rare genetic diseases, microbial detection, and genome assembly. Currently, sequencing technologies can be classified into three main generations. The first-generation method, Sanger sequencing, employs chain-termination and gel electrophoresis to sequence DNA. In the second generation, Illumina sequencing utilizes bridge amplification for high-throughput sequencing, while other technologies such as Ion Torrent and SOLiD offer alternative approaches. The third-generation technology, exemplified by PacBio sequencing, allows for long-read sequencing, enabling the analysis of more complex genomic regions.

As sequencing technologies evolve, the focus has shifted toward reducing costs, improving accuracy, and minimizing processing times. Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT), a more recent advancement, is often considered a part of third-generation sequencing. It enables real-time monitoring by detecting changes in electrical current as DNA or RNA molecules pass through a nanopore.

Despite the widespread application of these technologies in medical microbiology, certain limitations remain. For instance, current sequencing methods struggle to simultaneously detect multiple bacterial species in mixed samples. Additionally, compared to traditional diagnostic methods, the high costs of sequencing technologies present a significant barrier to their broader adoption in clinical settings.

The Association between Air Pollution and Chronic Kidney Disease Incidence

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Air pollution arises from the complex interplay of hazardous gases and suspended particles in the air, caused by climate change, and significantly contributes to chronic noncommunicable diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the relationship between air pollution and CKD remains uncertain, with the exact causes and contributing factors. Therefore, this article aims to review current knowledge on the relationship between air pollution and the development of CKD. Relevant studies on the relationship between air pollution and CKD were identified through a PubMed search conducted between 2019 and 2024, using the keywords “Air pollution,” “Kidney,” and “Urinary”. The data revealed that pollutants such as PM, NOx, PAHs, CO, O₃, BC, SO₂, and cigarette smoking can cause pathological toxicity to the kidneys and adversely affect kidney function as a risk factor of CKD due to injury, inflammation, cell death, leading to decreased filtration capacity.

Design and Development of Machinery Noise Protection Equipment Using Sound Absorbing Materials Made from Rice Husks, Coconut Husks and Rice Straw

Yothin Ponprathom, Visa Phacharoen, Netnapa Rueangman — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Abstract

This research is a development study aimed at designing and developing a noise protection device for machinery using sound-absorbing materials made from rice husks, coconut husks, and rice straw. The device was tested in a sausage production factory over an 8-hour work period, with a sample population of 23 participants. Data were collected using a questionnaire, and statistical analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, such as percentage analysis, mean, and standard deviation.The study found that the noise protection device using rice husk material reduced the noise level by 2.9 dB(A), coconut husk by 2.4 dB, and rice straw by 2.1 dB(A). The rice husk material effectively reduced noise in the frequency range of 500-4000 Hz, while coconut husk was more effective in reducing noise in the frequency range of 8000-16000 Hz.The satisfaction analysis showed that the safety aspect of the coconut husk material had an average score of 3.82, indicating a high level of satisfaction, with a standard deviation of 0.70. The strength aspect had an average score of 3.85, also reflecting high satisfaction, with a standard deviation of 0.99. The comfort of use had an average score of 3.82, and the maintenance aspect had an average score of 3.83, both indicating a high level of satisfaction, with standard deviations of 0.93 and 0.91, respectively.

Water Treatment and Removal of Heavy Metals in Groundwater using Integrated Membranes on Drinking Water Quality Indexes

Sunida Thongtho, thitipong unchai — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to develop a water treatment system for the removal of heavy metals (iron and manganese) from groundwater using an integrated membrane system, ensuring compliance with groundwater quality standards for consumption. The integrated membrane was composed of a mesh layer with a pore size of 1 mm, a thin-film layer of 0.05 mm, another thin-film layer of 0.001 mm, and a filtration layer made from synthetic polyamide material with a pore size of 0.0001 mm. The objective was to improve the chemical and physical properties of groundwater in Phibun Mangsahan District, Ubon Ratchathani Province, to acceptable levels. Groundwater quality was analyzed before and after treatment based on quality indices. The results indicated that the integrated membrane developed in this research effectively removed heavy metals from groundwater, achieving water quality indices within acceptable standards, including pH (7.01–7.45), hardness (122–144 mg/L), total dissolved solids (21.27–29.32 mg/L), sulphate (11–18 mg/L), chloride (11.18 mg/L), nitrate (2–10 mg/L), iron (0.06–0.16 mg/L), and manganese (0.01–0.09 mg/L), in compliance with the World Health Organization's 1996 drinking water standards as per the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment's regulations, with a usage capacity of 10,000 liters.

Application of Linear Regression Analysis for Evaluating Cost-Effectiveness in Maintenance Decision-Making A Case Study of Itthiphol Transport Co., Ltd.

Nithit Punthanakorphat, Chamathorn Kuisrikul, Pholakrit Klunkaewdamrong — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to (1) apply linear regression equations to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of decisions regarding maintenance or disposal of transport vehicles, and (2) reduce maintenance costs to enhance organizational operational efficiency. The case study focuses on Ittipol Transport Co., Ltd., utilizing maintenance data from 23 transport vehicles over the period of 2018–2023. Key variables include annual maintenance costs, vehicle service life, and vehicle value at different time intervals. The primary analytical tool is a linear regression model used to identify the relationship between maintenance costs and vehicle value. The findings reveal that the model effectively reduces average annual maintenance costs from 520,000 THB to 304,000 THB, a 41.45% reduction. Furthermore, the disposal of vehicles deemed uneconomical to maintain resulted in additional cost savings of 918,137 THB. These results demonstrate the model's effectiveness in supporting decision-making for vehicle management and in significantly reducing organizational maintenance expenses.

Air Ventilation Quality Assessment for Laboratory in the New Normal Concept: Chiang Mai Rajabhat University, Wing Bua Campus

Kunnatham Santitham, Chutiphan Sangsoda — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to evaluate the ventilation performance of laboratories under the new normal concept, using Chiang Mai Rajabhat University’s Wiang Bua Center as a case study. The research examines the ventilation systems of 17 mechanically ventilated laboratories. Data were collected using a CO2 concentration meter based on the Non-Dispersive Infrared (NDIR) absorption principle. The recommended steady-state CO2 concentration was set at no more than 800 parts per million (ppm). Additionally, the air change rate (ACH) was required to be at least 3.5 to reflect the condition where users wearing face masks in the laboratory would have a COVID-19 infection risk of no more than 0.5%. The study found that among the 17 mechanically ventilated laboratories, 2 rooms had a suitable air change rate, 4 rooms had insufficient ventilation, and 11 rooms had air change rates that were inappropriate based on the maximum user capacity set by the university. The findings indicate a need to increase the air change rate through the use of exhaust fans at appropriate levels, following the recommendations for laboratory usage adjustments under the new normal concept proposed by the researchers.

Application of Value Stream Mapping for Increasing Efficiency of Ceramic Production

ฉมาธร กุยศรีกุล, Pholakrit Klunkaewdamrong, นิธิศ ปุณธนกรภัทร์ — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to study the production process of ceramic leaf-and-flower glassware. and to improve the efficiency of the production process through value stream mapping, to reduce the production process time, and to increase the production capacity in the manufacturing of ceramic leaf-and-flower glassware on value stream mapping principles include the study of industrial workflow, the warehouse location system, and the process improvement using the ECRS principles, which the study of the production process through value stream mapping revealed the steps involved in the production process. It is divided into six pre-firing steps and four assembly firing steps. The total time for the steps in the value stream before the improvement was 346,582 seconds. After the improvement, by repositioning the mold shelves and creating new molds for the glass and flowers, the total time in the value stream was reduced to 312,247 seconds, representing a 9.91% reduction. For the pre-firing steps, which were part of the process improvement, the working time before the improvement was 137,481 seconds. After the process improvement, the working time was reduced to 103,134 seconds, representing a 24.98% reduction. As a result, the production capacity of ceramic leaf-and-flower glassware increased from 3,304.93 pieces per year before the improvement to 3,961.62 pieces per year after the process improvement. This is an increase of 656.69 pieces per year, representing a 19.87% increase in production capacity.

Greenhouse Gas Reduction in Waste Management by the Institute of Food Research and Product Development under the Low Emission Support Scheme (LESS)

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to study the reduction of greenhouse gases emissions under the LESS project in waste management, specifically focusing on waste separation for recycling and the production of compost or soil conditioners from organic waste. Additionally, the study seeks to establish proper waste separation guidelines to support future government measures on food waste management, which are expected to be enforced as part of environmental regulations. The project was carried out from March to October 2023 by volunteers from five departments under the affiliation of the Institute of Food Research and Development. Waste was categorized into three types: organic waste, recyclable waste, and residual waste. which also known in Thai as orphan waste. Each type of waste was systematically weighed and recorded. Data on organic and recyclable waste were analyzed to quantify the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and submitted for certification, administered by the Greenhouse Gas Management Organization. For residual waste, monthly statistics on residual waste were recorded for Kasetsart University, a partner in the residual waste activities of N15 Technology Company. The evaluation results indicated that the Institute of Food Research and Development successfully reduced greenhouse gases by 10,906.82 kilograms of CO₂ equivalent, accounting for 86% of the total managed waste. The remaining residual waste was transferred to the residual waste project of N15 Technology Company, where it was processed into fuel for electricity generation. This process helped reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills, contributing to environmental conservation in the community.

An Analysis of the Influence of Instructor And Student Personalities on Academic Performance

kwanrutai Saelim, Tatchalerm Sudhipongpracha, Rachada Kongkachadra — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to study the relationship between the personality traits of teachers and students that influence academic achievement by applying the Big Five Personality Traits model in conjunction with Association Rule techniques. The analysis is based on data from 1,662 students and 163 teachers from the Faculty of Management Science at Yala Rajabhat University. The findings reveal that personality traits impact academic achievement differently depending on the context of each field of study. For example, in the field of Management, a positive relationship was found between emotionally stable teachers and highly conscientious students (Support = 0.100, Lift = 1.328). In contrast, in International Business, a positive relationship emerged when both teachers and students exhibited extroverted personalities (Support = 0.151, Lift = 1.027), aligning with professional characteristics that require communication and networking skills. However, the research also uncovered challenges in certain cases—for instance, in the field of Tourism, where low agreeableness in teachers paired with highly conscientious students showed a strong association (Support = 0.007, Lift = 1.808). Integrating the Big Five model with Association Rule analysis allowed for the exploration of complex interactions between personality and professional contexts, bridging theoretical personality frameworks with practical applications in real learning environments.

The results of this study are significant for the development of personalized learning approaches and for moving beyond the 'one-size-fits-all' model in curriculum design. Educational institutions can apply these findings to inform policies regarding personality analysis in curriculum development and the recruitment of personnel suited to specific disciplines. Although this study is limited by sample size and scope, it marks an important step toward developing flexible learning systems that respond to the diverse needs of learners in the digital age.

Local Gravity Measurement by Using Bob Pendulums

Bancha Kongtragool, Saichon Sithipong — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This article presents the determination of local gravity with high accuracy and precision using a bob pendulum as a gravimeter. The results obtained can be applied to engineering calculations that require high resolution. Experiments were performed at a latitude of 18° 39' 43'' N and an altitude of 300 m. Five pendulums with lengths of 1.2992 m, 1.3505 m, 1.3995 m, 1.4505 m, and 1.5000 m were used. For each pendulum, the time for 100 oscillations cycles, with the initial amplitude controlled to be less than 2°. The experimentally obtained local gravity was 9.7800 ± 0.0003 m/s², with a deviation of approximately 0.05% compared to the calculated value of 9.7847 m/s², which is consistent with the research objective.

Development Guidelines of Herbal Mouthwash Prototype Product

Teeranan Tananchai, Wanisa Punfa, Thitirat Chaichana, Kanokorn Piansoongnern — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to develop a prototype of herbal mouthwash product and to examine its physical quality and microbial contamination. The results of the study consisted of 2 parts as follows: 1) The result of the development of the herbal mouthwash formula, with 3 criteria for herb selection: (1) herbs that can treat herpes, heal oral ulcers and reduce inflammation; (2) herbs that can inhibit or kill microorganisms that cause herpes, and have anti-inflammatory properties on the oral mucosa; and (3) herbs that are easily available or harvested from the community. The herbs used as ingredients in the formula must meet 2/3 of the criteria. It was found that 6 herbs met the criteria, namely Snake plant, Siamese rough bush, Cloves, Mangosteen, Salt, and Menthol crystals. Therefore, 2 prototype formulas were produced. 2) The result of the physical quality and microbial contamination of the prototype product showed that Formula 1 was a clear, brown liquid with no sediment and a slight smell of wild creeper and cloves. Formula 2 was a clear, purple liquid with no sediment and a slight smell of cloves. And the results of the microbial quality test found that there was no contamination from gastrointestinal microbiota, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Clostridium spp. Therefore, the results of this research are a guideline for developing a prototype of herbal mouthwash product and to promote the use of Thai traditional medicine wisdom in proper health care. It was found that the prototype of herbal mouthwash product, Formula 2, had the best physical characteristics and was therefore suitable for further development into a commercial product. However, further stability testing should be performed.

Effectiveness of Samran Nitra Remedy on Improving Sleep Quality Among Insomnia Patients

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Sleep is a vital state of the body for life. Insomnia is one of the most common and significant health problems. It may affect an individual's daily life, leading to negative consequences for physical and mental health, social relationships, occupation, and the economy. This quasi-experimental study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the Samran Nitra remedy on improving sleep quality before and after administration. The sample consisted of 186 individuals with insomnia who received services at the Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine Centers in Health Region 7. The intervention involved administering the Samran Nitra remedy in capsule form (250 milligrams per capsule), taken once daily before bedtime for four weeks. Data were collected both before and after the intervention using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used, while inferential statistics were employed to compare the mean PSQI scores before and after the intervention using the dependent t-test

The study found that the participants' average sleep quality scores improved from 9.58±2.55 to 6.82±3.34, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). However, in clinical practice, the average score levels did not differ to a degree that indicates a significant change. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of the Samran Nitra tends to moderately promote sleep quality in patients.

Effect of Planting Materials under Automatic Control System in a Closed Greenhouse on the Topic of Cardamom

Komsan Muisee, Napaporn Jitsatta, Krisana Janthasit — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to apply and test an automatic control system to control environmental factors such as watering, pH and electrical conductivity (EC) in greenhouse systems. The experiment followed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). with 5 replicates, each consisting of 3 pots. The first factor was the type of planting material, which included palm husks, coconut husks and chopped coconut husks. These materials were mixed using three methods. formula 1: 50% chopped coconut husks and 50% palm husks, Planting material formular 2: 50% coconut husk and 50% chopped coconut husks, and Planting material formular 3: 50% palm husks and 50% coconut husk. The second factor was the nutrient solution concentration, set at an electrical conductivity (EC) at 2.5 mS/cm and pH range 5.5-6.5. The results showed that the planting material composed of 50% chopped coconut husks and 50% palm husks yielded the best outcomes in terms of cardamom growth and productivity, with the highest average number of plants per pot (15.20) and lowest percentage of rotten shoots at (3.09%).

Child Tracking and Notification System via iBeacon

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to develop a child monitoring and alert system using iBeacon technology to detect a child’s position within designated areas, including the home, vehicle, and classroom. The system employs an iBeacon receiver attached to the child, integrated with a NodeMCU ESP32 microcontroller and a SIM808 module to send alert notifications via phone calls, a LINE alert system, and the Baby System Alert website. The performance evaluation demonstrated that the system can accurately detect the child’s distance up to 5 meters and immediately send alerts when the child moves outside the predefined safe zone. Status messages such as “within the area” and “out of the area” are transmitted to the LINE alert system and displayed on the website. Furthermore, if the child leaves the home or school area for more than 10 minutes, the system automatically initiates a phone call to the parent. In vehicle scenarios, if a child remains inside the car for more than 5 minutes, the system triggers an emergency phone alert. The results indicate that the developed system effectively enhances child safety and enables parents to quickly and reliably receive information regarding their child’s status.