Association Between Health Perception and Self-care Behavior Among Diabetes Mellitus Type II Patients in Payuhakiri District, Nakhonsawan Province

Abstract

This descriptive research study aimed to study health perception factors associated with self-care behavior among type II diabetes mellitus patients in Payuhakiri district, Nakhonsawan province. Population was 308 type II diabetes mellitus patients which be either registered in census registration or lived more than 6 months in Payuhakiri district, Nakhonsawan province, and sample size calculating used Daniel formula for 181 cases, and systematic random sampling was determine. Data collected by questionnaire which are used to examine content validity and reliability test by coefficient Cronbach’s alpha about 0.89. An association analysis used Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The result showed that health perception factors including, perceived risk of disease, perceived severity of disease, perceived benefits of disease prevention, and perceived barriers of disease prevention had mean score with high level ( =2.69, S.D.=0.46). Moreover, self-care behavior among type II diabetes mellitus patients including, diet, exercise, emotion, drug consumption, and cure continuously participation had mean score with high level ( =2.51, S.D.=0.50). An association analyzed reported that health perception factors was associated with self-care behavior among type II diabetes mellitus patients in Payuhakiri district, Nakhonsawan province with statistic significant (r=0.415, p-value<0.001). Considering health perception factors, reported perceived risk of disease, perceived benefits of treatment, perceived barriers of treatment were association with statistic significant (r=0.377, p-value<0.001, r=0.302, p-value<0.001, r=0.224, p-value<0.001, respectively) conversely, perceived severity of disease, was not found association (r=0.083, p-value=0.266). Based on finding health care providers should pay more attention on providing care, and to encourage patients for health perception appropriately, and supporting patients with diabetes to prevent complication behaviors to develop this dimension of self-care which can promote a better health status.