Potential of the Spionid Polychaete Prionospio membranacea for Bioremediation of Organically Enriched Sediments Beneath Green Mussel Rafts in Sriracha Bay, Chon Buri Province
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Abstract
Organic enrichment in sediments beneath green mussel rafts is an important environmental problem in coastal aquaculture areas because it can lead to sediment deterioration, sulfide accumulation, and changes in benthic faunal communities. Bioremediation using native benthic organisms is therefore a promising approach for reducing environmental impacts in coastal culture systems. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of the polychaete Prionospio membranacea for bioremediation of organically enriched sediments beneath green mussel rafts in Sriracha Bay, Chon Buri Province, Thailand. Adult polychaetes were collected from organic-rich coastal sediments, induced to spawn under laboratory conditions, and mass-cultured until the early benthic stage. The early benthic stages were then released into sediments beneath green mussel rafts at a density of 400 individuals/m² and compared with a control area without polychaete addition. Bioremediation performance was evaluated after 30 days based on growth, biomass increase, organic matter content, sulfide concentration, and benthic faunal abundance. The results showed that P. membranacea exhibited apparent recovery and establishment, grew, increased biomass, and established a population in sediments beneath green mussel rafts. The addition of P. membranacea reduced organic matter content by 38.53–46.05% and sulfide concentration by 6.29–16.18% within 30 days. Non-netted plots tended to show higher reduction efficiency than netted plots. These findings indicate that P. membranacea has potential as a native bioremediation organism for improving organically enriched sediments in coastal mussel culture areas. Further studies under different seasons, longer experimental periods, and varying stocking densities are recommended to optimize its practical application in coastal aquaculture management.
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