Preliminary Detection of Alkaloids, Total Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Activity from Stems and Leaves of Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) DC

การตรวจสอบสารแอลคาลอยด์เบื้องต้นปริมาณฟีนอลิกและฤทธิ์ต้านอนุมูลอิสระจากส่วนลำต้นและใบเขยตาย

Abstract

          This research aims to provide preliminary detection of alkaloids. Total phenolic content was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method, and antioxidant activity was tested from the stems and leaves of Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) DC. using the DPPH assay and FRAB assay. 40% Ethanol was used as a solvent. The results of the determination found alkaloids in both the stems and leaves. The total phenolic content in the stem and the leaf extracts was equal to 351.22 ± 15.82 and 329.85 ± 24.63 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g crude extract, respectively. Antioxidant activity was determined for the stem and leaf extracts at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. Its % inhibition of free radicals (DPPH) was equal to 70.10 ± 5.22 and 26.73 ± 6.10 µg/mL, respectively. While the standard Trolox® had a % inhibition of DPPH free radical of 98.85 ± 2.01 µg/mL. Stem and leaf extracts showed TEAC of 393.71 ± 4.86 and 207.20 ± 21.03 µg/mL, respectively. This study shows that the extracts of the stems and leaf of G. pentaphylla (Retz.) DC. exhibited antioxidant activity through multiple mechanisms, both direct free radical scavenging and chain reaction inhibition by the main active compounds in the alkaloid group. In addition, the stem extract of G. pentaphylla (Retz.) DC. had higher total phenolic content than the leaf extract. As a result, the stem extract has better antioxidant activity than the leaf extract. Consequently, the stem sections may be used in place of the leaf.