Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Battery Waste Leachates to Daphnia magna
Keywords:
Negative effects, Battery leachates, Life history traits, Daphnia magnaAbstract
In developing countries, e-waste battery treatment and management is a severe problem. Most batteries contain heavy metals, but some can contain very toxic heavy metals such as mercury that can be hazardous to the environment. The current investigation aims to evaluate both the acute and chronic effects of the leachates from two cells (named Con O and Maxell) that are commonly used in Vietnam on the micro-crustacean Daphnia magna. The median lethal concentrations at 24h and 48h (LC50) of the D. magna exposed to leachate from Con O cell were 150 and 100 mg/l, respectively. The 24h- and 48h-LC50 values of the Maxell cell to the animals
were 100 and 70 mg/l, respectively. Therefore, the toxicity of the leachates from the Maxell battery was more severe than that of Con O based on the 24h- and 48h-LC50 values. Moreover, the life-history traits of the D. magna such as survivorship, maturation or reproduction, were detrimentally impacted including mass mortality, delayed maturation and reproductive inhibition, when the animals exposed to the leachates from both batteries at the concentrations ranged from 1 to 50 mg/l over the period of 2 weeks. Overall, this study could provide useful information on the ecological and environmental risk caused by untreated batteries to the environment, or even contribute to changing a sense of civic responsibility on economically using, recycling, waste management and
treatment related to cells.
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