The Transformation of the Meaning of Banana Leaf Craft within the Thai Cultural Context: From Past to Present

Abstract

This study employed a qualitative phenomenological research approach to investigate the transformation of the meaning of banana leaf craftsmanship within the context of Thai culture from the past to the present. Fifteen key informants participated in the study, including instructors of banana leaf crafts, traditional artisans who have inherited banana leaf craftsmanship, entrepreneurs who apply banana leaf crafts in their occupations, and students who have received knowledge and skills in this field. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, and a review of relevant documents and research studies. The findings revealed that banana leaf craftsmanship is a form of Thai handicraft that clearly reflects local wisdom, cultural heritage, and Thai identity. In the past, banana leaf crafts were closely integrated into the daily lives of Thai people of all ages, serving practical functions as containers, food wrappers, and ceremonial objects in religious and cultural practices. As Thai society has modernized, synthetic materials such as plastic and foam have increasingly replaced banana leaf products in everyday use, resulting in a decline in their practical applications. Nevertheless, banana leaf craftsmanship continues to be valued as a cultural heritage, a refined artistic tradition, and a symbol of Thai identity. The study also discovered that contemporary contexts have adapted banana leaf crafts through modifications in design, techniques, and applications. They are now utilized in venue decoration, food and hospitality services, cultural tourism, and the development of environmentally friendly products. Regarding knowledge transmission, banana leaf craftsmanship was traditionally passed down through families, communities, and local masters using apprenticeship-based learning, observation, demonstration, and hands-on practice. At present, knowledge dissemination has expanded into formal educational institutions, cultural centers, and digital media platforms, enabling broader and more diverse access to learning opportunities. Moreover, banana leaf craftsmanship possesses multidimensional value, including social and cultural, spiritual, artistic, economic, and environmental significance. In particular, it supports sustainable development through the use of natural and biodegradable materials. Therefore, the preservation and continuation of banana leaf craftsmanship should be pursued alongside innovation, educational promotion, and value-added product development to ensure that this branch of local wisdom remains relevant and capable of meeting contemporary societal needs in a sustainable manner.