Correlation of quality characteristics in mango fruit for application in breeding program

Abstract

Correlation of quality characteristics in mango fruit for application in breeding program was conducted in 2021 at Si Sa Ket Horticultural Research Center. 63 local and exotic mango cultivars were recorded the quality characteristics of both mature mango and ripe mango characteristics. As a result, there were 17 mango varieties were potential variety for using as parent in breeding to develop new commercial varieties especially ripe consumption mango. Sam Pi variety showed the high substance of chemical properties in ripe mango which the content of TSS, vitamin c, and beta carotene showed higher than commercial varieties. Therefore, it should be suitable for using as parent in breeding to develop new rich nutrient mango variety. Haden variety had the high peel thickness which showed the firmness in whole fruit firmness, and flesh firmness higher than commercial varieties. Therefore, Haden variety is suitable for using as parent in breeding to develop new varieties which especially for extending shelf life, storage life, and transportation of ripe mango. The result of principal component analysis and cluster analysis based on correlation showed that the similarity level of 0.98 could be grouped into 4 groups. The correlation coefficients suggested that the soluble solids in ripe mangoes were compared with the peel color of the raw mango (r = 0.493) and the percentage of the dry weight of the raw mango (r = 0.498). The best corresponding r values of whole ripe fruit Firmness (Fpr) and flesh ripe fruit Firmness (Ffr) were 0.710.