Efficiency of Glyphosate Biodegradation by Bacteria and Fungi Isolated from Cassava Fields
Keywords:
Bacteria, Degradation, Fungi, GlyphosateAbstract
Glyphosate is a widely used herbicide that can accumulate and be detected in soil, water, and plants, posing environmental concerns. This study investigated the biodegradation of glyphosate by selecting bacteria and fungi isolated from cassava field soils with a history of glyphosate application. A total of 18 bacterial and fungal strains were screened for their ability to utilize glyphosate as a sole phosphorus and carbon source. Among them, Bacillus pseudomycoides (NMA-1), Pseudomonas nitroreducens (NMA-6) and Bacillus cereus (NMA-H1) exhibited significant growth with respective increases of 2,733.33%, 423.81% and 22.22%. Nine fungal strains of Aspergillus and Trichoderma also grew rapidly on media with glyphosate as a sole phosphorus source. The degradation of glyphosate at 50 mg/L revealed that P. nitroreducens (NMA-6), P. nitroreducens (NMA-5) and B. pseudomycoides (LRI-3) were able to degrade glyphosate by 51.25%, 49.45% and 32.58% respectively, within 7 days. Meanwhile, T. virens (GS515) and T. asperellum (GS552) degraded 55.53% and 33.13% of 1,690 mg/L of glyphosate within 15 days. Notably, B. pseudomycoides and T. asperellum are newly reported for glyphosate degradation. In contrast, P. glycanilyticus (LRI-4) and T. harzianum (GS485) showed no degradation ability. These findings highlight the potential of specific bacterial and fungal strains for glyphosate bioremediation.
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