Effects of Atrazine on Soil Fungi in Sugarcane Fields, Suphan Buri and Khon Kaen Provinces
Keywords:
Atrazine, Metagenomics, Soil fungi, SugarcaneAbstract
The study of the effects of atrazine on soil fungi in sugarcane fields at Khon Kaen and Suphan Buri provinces aimed to investigate the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the diversity of soil fungi using metagenomics. The soil properties analyzed included particle size distribution, pH, organic matter, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, and cation exchange capacity. The study also measured the residual atrazine in the soil and analyzed the structure of fungal population before and after application of atrazine, at 2 hours and 30 days, by extracting and amplifying the DNA from soil samples. The findings showed that the soil in sugarcane fields of Khon Kaen had a sandy texture, slightly acidic pH, and low levels of organic matter, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, and cation exchange capacity. In contrast, the soil in the sugarcane fields of Suphan Buri was loamy, with a neutral pH, moderate organic matter, high levels of available phosphorus and potassium, and a moderate cation exchange capacity. In terms of atrazine residues, no traces of atrazine were found in the soil before its application in both areas. However, atrazine was detected in the soil after its application, and the concentration decreased over time. The metagenomic analysis of soil fungi revealed that, in the Khon Kaen sugarcane fields, the fungal diversity was higher in soils treated with atrazine at 2 hours after application compared to before the application and 30 days after application. The five most abundant fungal genera in this area were Ruhlandiella, Penicillium, Thielavia, Calvatia and Alfaria. In the Suphan Buri sugarcane fields, the highest fungal diversity was observed in soils before the application of atrazine. Two hours after the application, the fungal diversity decreased, but it increased again 30 days after the application. The five most abundant fungal genera in this area were Scytalidium, Gyrodontium, Aspergillus, Gymnascella and Humicola.
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