Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on In vitro Shoot Multiplication and Root Induction of Elephant Foot Yam (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume)
Keywords:
Auxin, Benzyladenine, Cytokinins, Root induction, Tissue cultureAbstract
Elephant Foot Yam (Amorphophallus muelleri) Blume is a high-potential economic crop, particularly in the food and health industries, due to its high content of glucomannan in the corm. However, conventional propagation methods using leaf-borne cormlets, underground corms, or rhizomes are limited by low propagation rates and long cultivation periods. This study aimed to develop an optimal culture medium by investigating the effects of types and concentrations of plant growth regulators on multiple shoot proliferation and root induction of A. muelleri under aseptic conditions to enhance its industrial-scale production. Shoot cluster were cultured on semi-solid MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of benzyladenine (BA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) in a completely randomized design (CRD). The results revealed that MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BA combined with 0.05 mg/L NAA was most effective for multiple shoot proliferation, producing the highest average number of shoots (39.2 ± 0.5) with an average shoot length of 0.77 ± 0.02 cm, significantly different from other treatments. For root induction, MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L IBA yielded the highest average number of roots (13.7 ± 0.4) and the longest average root length (2.14 ± 0.04 cm). These findings demonstrate the potential of tissue culture as an efficient propagation system for A. muelleri, supporting its application in large-scale industrial production.
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