Effects of Timings in Rice Husk Charcoal Application on Soil Inorganic Nitrogen and Rice Growth
Keywords:
Biochar, Mineral nitrogen, Nitrification, Nitrogen transformation, Paddy soilAbstract
The investigation of the proper timing of applying rice husk charcoal (RHC) to improve soil inorganic nitrogen (N) and rice growth is still limited. This paper, therefore, aimed to examine the effects of various timings of RHC (involving unamended and different timings of RHC application as in inversely chronological order varied from the late to early applications as 0, 15, 30, and 60 days before rice transplanting) on soil NH4+–N and NO3-–N concentrations and rice growth in a loamy paddy soil of Northeast Thailand. On the rice transplanting date, the earlier application of RHC brought about lower NH4+–N but higher NO3-–N concentrations than the later counterparts, indicating that the earlier charcoal application rendered a more extended transformation of NH4+ to NO3-. Because rice preferred NH4+ over NO3-, this effect led to less rice growth in the earlier than later applications of RHC before the rice transplanting. Therefore, the application of RHC into a loamy paddy soil on the date of rice transplanting was recommended to manipulate proper concentrations of soil inorganic N for maximizing rice growth
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